The Ultimate Guide to Mat Boards: Everything You Need to Know
When it comes to framing artwork, photos, or other important documents, one essential element that often gets overlooked is the mat board. The mat board not only enhances the visual appeal of your piece but also plays a crucial role in preserving its longevity. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll dive into everything you need to know about mat boards: from what they are and their different types to how to choose the right one for your needs.
What Are Mat Boards?
Mat boards, also known simply as “mats,” are thick, paper-based boards placed between a framed artwork or photograph and the frame itself. Their primary purpose is to provide a visual buffer around the artwork, making it stand out within the frame and drawing the viewer’s attention to the piece. Additionally, mats help protect the artwork by keeping it from touching the glass, which can prevent damage due to moisture, friction, or pressure.
Mat boards are typically available in a wide variety of colors, textures, and thicknesses, allowing you to select the perfect option for your frame and artwork.
The Role of a Mat Board
Mat boards serve a variety of functions, including:
1. Aesthetic Appeal
The mat board serves as a border that enhances the look of your artwork or photo. The color and texture of the mat can complement or contrast with the piece, adding a touch of sophistication and polish. A well-chosen mat board can help accentuate the colors and shapes in the artwork, bringing out its best features.
2. Preservation and Protection
Mat boards also protect the artwork from physical contact with the glass, reducing the risk of damage from moisture, dust, or other environmental factors. They create a small space between the artwork and the glass, preventing the artwork from sticking to the glass and ensuring airflow to reduce the buildup of moisture.
3. Size and Spacing
Mats allow you to adjust the spacing around the artwork, making it look appropriately framed within the confines of the overall frame. Without a mat, the artwork might appear cramped or too close to the edges of the frame. Mats give your piece the space it needs to breathe and be viewed properly.
Types of Mat Boards
When selecting a mat board, it’s important to understand the different types and materials available, as each one can offer unique benefits for your project. Below are the most common types of mat boards:
1. Standard Mat Boards
Standard mat boards are the most basic and commonly used types of mats. They are typically made from paper pulp and come in various colors, thicknesses, and textures. These mats are a cost-effective option for most general framing projects.
Features of Standard Mat Boards:
- Wide range of colors and textures
- Affordable option for home framing projects
- Available in both single and double mat styles
2. Acid-Free Mat Boards
Acid-free mat boards are made from materials that are specifically designed to protect artwork and photographs. These mats are free of harmful acids and lignins that can cause artwork to yellow and degrade over time. They are an ideal choice for preserving valuable or sentimental pieces, as they provide long-term protection from damage caused by acids in standard mat boards.
Features of Acid-Free Mat Boards:
- Prevents yellowing and deterioration of artwork
- Ideal for archival purposes or valuable pieces
- Made from either cotton or wood pulp that is specially treated to be acid-free
3. Museum-Quality Mat Boards
Museum-quality mat boards are the top-of-the-line option for those who need the highest level of preservation and protection for their artwork. These mats are typically made from 100% cotton rag, a material that is both acid-free and lignin-free. Museum-quality mats also have a deeper, more rigid construction that helps with the long-term preservation of precious pieces.
Features of Museum-Quality Mat Boards:
- Made from 100% cotton rag for premium quality
- Perfect for fine art and heirloom pieces
- Offers superior protection for valuable works of art
- Lignin and acid-free to ensure long-term preservation
4. Foam Core Mat Boards
Foam core mat boards combine the benefits of standard mat boards with the added advantage of extra rigidity and structure. These boards have a foam core sandwiched between two layers of paper, providing additional support for larger pieces or frames that need extra stability.
Features of Foam Core Mat Boards:
- Lightweight but strong
- Adds extra support to larger frames or artwork
- Great for mounting and protecting oversized prints
5. Colored Mat Boards
Colored mat boards can be an excellent way to add personality and flair to your framing project. These mats come in various vibrant and subtle shades, allowing you to coordinate with the colors in the artwork or create a bold contrast.
Features of Colored Mat Boards:
- Available in a variety of hues and textures
- Ideal for adding a unique and custom touch to your frame
- Can create a striking contrast to highlight certain aspects of the artwork
6. Textured Mat Boards
Textured mat boards offer a more luxurious and sophisticated look, with surfaces that have a variety of textures such as linen, suede, or linen-weave. Textured mats can give your artwork an elegant and refined presentation, making them perfect for upscale frames or fine art.
Features of Textured Mat Boards:
- Available in linen, suede, or other fabric-like textures
- Adds depth and dimension to artwork
- Ideal for framing artwork with a classical or high-end aesthetic
How to Choose the Right Mat Board
Choosing the right mat board is essential for achieving the desired aesthetic and preserving the integrity of your artwork. Here are several factors to consider when selecting a mat board:
1. Artwork Size
The size of your artwork will influence the thickness and style of the mat board. Larger artwork may require a thicker or sturdier mat, while smaller pieces can work with thinner mats. Be sure to match the size of the mat to the scale of the artwork for proper framing.
2. Color and Contrast
The color of the mat board plays a crucial role in how your artwork will be perceived. Choose a color that complements or contrasts with the artwork. Neutral colors such as white, ivory, or black are commonly used for classic, timeless looks, while bold colors can create a more dynamic and modern effect.
3. Type of Artwork
Consider the type of artwork you are framing. For instance, fine art prints, photographs, or paintings on canvas all have different requirements when it comes to matting. Photos and prints generally benefit from acid-free or museum-quality mats, while paintings on canvas may not require mats but could still benefit from one to create a professional and polished presentation.
4. Framing Style
The mat should complement the style of the frame and overall décor. A simple, minimalist frame might look best with a clean, neutral mat, while an ornate frame could pair well with a textured mat that adds depth and richness.
5. Protection Needs
If you are framing something valuable or sentimental, opt for acid-free or museum-quality mat boards to ensure the preservation of your piece. These mats offer the best protection against environmental factors like light, moisture, and pollutants.
Mat Board Thickness and Cutting Techniques
Mat boards come in various thicknesses, and the choice of thickness will depend on your project and framing needs. Thicker mats tend to be more rigid and durable, while thinner mats are easier to cut and fit into smaller frames.
When cutting mats, the cut edge can either be a clean, straight edge or a beveled edge. Beveled cuts are typically used for a more professional look and to add visual interest to the framing, as they create a slight angle that helps frame the artwork more effectively.
How to Properly Frame Your Artwork with a Mat Board
Framing your artwork with a mat board requires careful attention to detail. Here’s a simple step-by-step guide on how to properly frame your artwork with a mat:
- Measure the Artwork: Start by measuring the size of your artwork, so you know how large to cut the mat board. Allow for enough space around the edges for the artwork to breathe and be centered.
- Choose the Right Mat: Select the appropriate mat board based on the size, color, texture, and preservation needs of your artwork.
- Cut the Mat: If you are cutting the mat yourself, use a sharp mat cutter and follow your measurements precisely. Make sure to cut the mat at a 45-degree angle for a professional finish.
- Mount the Artwork: Secure your artwork to the mat with acid-free mounting corners or archival adhesive, ensuring it is centered and aligned.
- Place the Artwork in the Frame: Once the mat and artwork are properly mounted, place the framed piece behind the glass, securing it in place within the frame.
- Seal the Frame: Close the back of the frame and make sure it is sealed to prevent dust, dirt, and moisture from entering the frame.
Conclusion
Mat boards are an essential part of the framing process, offering both aesthetic enhancement and protection for your artwork or photos. Whether you’re framing a family photo, a fine art print, or a prized document, choosing the right mat board can elevate the visual appeal of the piece and ensure its long-term preservation. By understanding the various types of mat boards, how to choose the right one, and how to properly frame your artwork, you can ensure your framed pieces look great and remain safe for years to come.
